FMEA (short for Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) is used preventively to identify and avoid potential errors that could occur in a product, process, or service. This tool is valuable in Lean Six Sigma projects as it helps uncover and eliminate not only potential errors but also their root causes, thereby preventing further negative consequences, particularly from the customer’s perspective. After listing possible errors (and their causes), they are classified and assessed based on the likelihood of their occurrence and their significance. FMEA also helps calculate useful values like the Risk Priority Number (RPN).